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American campaign slogan

Trump's "Make America Nifty Once again!" sign used during his 2016 presidential campaign earlier Trump selected Mike Pence as his vice presidential running mate

"Brand America Great Once again" or MAGA ()[a] is a entrada slogan used in American politics popularized by Donald Trump in his successful 2016 presidential campaign. Ronald Reagan used the like slogan "Let's Make America Swell Over again" in his successful 1980 presidential campaign. Neb Clinton likewise used the phrase in speeches during his successful 1992 presidential campaign and used it again in a radio commercial aired for his wife Hillary Clinton's unsuccessful 2008 presidential primary campaign. Douglas Schoen has called Trump's employ of the phrase "probably the most resonant campaign slogan in contempo history", citing majorities of Americans who believed that the country was in reject.[2] [3]

The slogan became a pop civilisation phenomenon, seeing widespread employ and spawning numerous variants in the arts, entertainment and politics, existence used by those who support and oppose the presidency of Donald Trump.

Since its popularization in the 2010s, the slogan is considered a loaded phrase. Multiple analytic journalists, scholars, and commentators link information technology to racism in the U.s.a., regarding it as dog-whistle politics and coded linguistic communication.[four] [5] [6] [7] The slogan was also at the center of 2 events originally reported inaccurately in nigh media outlets, the Jussie Smollett assault hoax and the Jan 2019 Lincoln Memorial confrontation.[8] [nine] [10] [11]

Use before Donald Trump [edit]

Alexander Wiley [edit]

The phrase was first used by Republican senator Alexander Wiley in a voice communication at the 3rd session of the 76th United States Congress in apprehension of the 1940 Us presidential ballot: "What is the way? Hither is America. There are 130,000,000 of us. America needs a leader who can coordinate labor, capital, and direction; who can give the man of enterprise encouragement, who tin can give them the spirit which will beget vision. That will make America great again."[12]

Barry Goldwater [edit]

The slogan was institute in some advertising associated with Barry Goldwater's unsuccessful 1964 presidential campaign.[xiii]

Ronald Reagan [edit]

"Permit's make America great once more" was famously used in Ronald Reagan'due south 1980 presidential entrada. At the time the United states of america was suffering from a worsening economy at domicile marked past stagflation and Reagan, using the country'southward economical distress equally a springboard for his campaign, used the slogan to stir a sense of patriotism among the electorate.[14] [fifteen] [16] [17] Within his credence speech at the 1980 Republican National Convention, Reagan said, "For those without job opportunities, we'll stimulate new opportunities, peculiarly in the inner cities where they live. For those who've abandoned hope, we'll restore hope and we'll welcome them into a great national crusade to brand America great again."[xviii] [19]

Bill Clinton [edit]

The phrase was also used in speeches[20] by Bill Clinton during his 1992 presidential campaign.[21] Clinton also used the phrase in a radio commercial aired for Hillary Clinton's 2008 presidential primary campaign.[22]

During the 2016 electoral campaign, Clinton suggested that Trump's version, used as a entrada rallying cry, was a message to white Southerners that Trump was promising to "give you an economic system you lot had l years ago, and... move you support on the social totem pole and other people down."[23]

Christine O'Donnell [edit]

Christine O'Donnell'south book about her unsuccessful 2010 bid as the Republican nominee for a US Senate seat in Delaware was published by St. Martin's Printing on August 16, 2011, as Troublemaker: Permit's Do What It Takes to Brand America Great Over again.[24]

Use by Donald Trump [edit]

Donald Trump wearing a "Make America Great Again" cap during his 2016 presidential campaign

In December 2011, Trump made a argument in which he said he was unwilling to rule out running as a presidential candidate in the future, explaining "I must go out all of my options open because, above all else, we must make America great once more."[25] Too in December 2011, he published a book using as a subtitle the similar phrase "Making America #1 Again" – which in a 2015 reissue was changed to "Make America Great Again!"[26]

Trump popularized the slogan "Make America Great Once more" by stitching it onto his widely distributed cap

On January 1, 2012, a group of Trump supporters filed paperwork with the Texas Secretary of State's role to create the "Make America Great Again Political party", which would have allowed Trump to be that party's nominee if he had decided to become a third-party candidate in the 2012 presidential election.[27] Trump himself began using the slogan formally on November 7, 2012, the day after Barack Obama won his reelection against Mitt Romney. By his own business relationship, Trump outset considered "We Will Make America Great", but did not feel like it had the correct "ring" to it. "Brand America Smashing" was his next slogan idea, but upon further reflection, he felt that it was a slight to America considering it implied that America was never great. Afterward selecting "Make America Dandy Again", Trump immediately had an attorney annals information technology. (Trump later said he was unaware of Reagan's employ in 1980 until 2015, but noted that "he didn't trademark it.")[28] On November 12 he signed an awarding with the United States Patent and Trademark Part requesting exclusive rights to utilise the slogan for political purposes. Information technology was registered as a service mark on July 14, 2015, after Trump formally began his 2016 presidential campaign and demonstrated that he was using the slogan for the purpose stated on the application.[29] [28] [30] Trump used the slogan in public every bit early as August 2013, in an interview with Jonathan Karl.[31]

Banner displaying "Vote To Brand America Great Once again" on a roadside in California shortly after the November 2016 ballot

Trump wearing a "Proceed America Great" lid in December 2019

During the 2016 entrada, Trump ofttimes used the slogan, especially by wearing hats emblazoned with the phrase in white letters, which soon became popular amidst his supporters.[32] The slogan was then important to the entrada that at ane signal it spent more on making the hats – sold for $25 each on its website – than on polling, consultants, or television commercials. Millions were sold, and Trump estimated that counterfeit versions outnumbered the existent chapeau ten to one. "...only it was a slogan, and every time somebody buys 1, that'south an advert."[28]

Post-obit Trump's election, the website of his presidential transition was established at greatagain.gov.[33] Trump said in 2017 and 2018 that the slogan of his 2020 reelection campaign would be "Keep America Dandy" and he sought to trademark information technology.[28] [34] Notwithstanding, Trump's 2020 entrada continued to apply the "Make America Corking Again" slogan.[35] Trump's vice president, Mike Pence, used the phrase "brand America nifty over again, again" in his 2020 Republican National Convention speech, garnering ridicule and comparisons to the catchphrase "again-again" from Teletubbies.[36] [37] In late 2021, this phrase became the name of a pro-Trump Super-PAC, which was besides mocked.[38]

Less than a calendar week subsequently Trump left office, he spoke to advisors about possibly establishing a third party, which he suggested might exist named either the "Patriot Political party" or "Make America Great Once again Party". In his start few days out of function, he too supported Arizona country party chairwoman Kelli Ward, who likewise called for the cosmos of a "MAGA Party". In late January 2021, the former president viewed the proposed MAGA Political party as leverage to prevent Republican senators from voting to convict him during the Senate impeachment trial, and to field challengers to Republicans who voted for his impeachment in the House.[39] [40]

[edit]

Donald Trump took the entrada slogan to social media (primarily to Twitter), using the hashtags #makeamericagreatagain and its acronym #maga. In response to criticism regarding his frequent and untraditional usage of social media, Trump defended himself by tweeting "My use of social media is not Presidential – it's MODERN Day PRESIDENTIAL. Brand America Swell Again!" on July ane, 2017.[41]

In the offset half of 2017, Trump repeated his slogan on Twitter 33 times.[42] In an commodity for Bloomberg News, Mark Whitehouse noted "A regression analysis suggests the phrase adds (very roughly) 51,000 to a post's retweet-and-favorite count, which is important given that the boilerplate Trump tweet attracts a total of 107,000."[42]

Trump attributed his victory (in office) to social media when he said "I won the 2016 election with interviews, speeches, and social media."[43] According to RiteTag,[44] the estimated hourly statistics for #maga on Twitter alone include: i,304 unique tweets, v,820,000 hashtag exposure, and 3,424 retweets with 14% of #maga tweets including images, 55% including links, and 51% including mentions.[44]

Donald Trump fix upwardly his Twitter business relationship in March 2009. His follower-count increased significantly following the announcement (June 16, 2015) of his intention to run for president in the 2016 presidential ballot, with particularly notable spikes occurring after his securing the Republican Party nomination (May 3, 2016) and after winning the presidency.[45]

Accusations of racism [edit]

Regarding its use since 2015, it is considered a loaded phrase. Marissa Melton, a Vocalization of America journalist, amidst others,[v] [6] explained how it is a loaded phrase because it "doesn't just appeal to people who hear it every bit racist coded linguistic communication, but likewise to those who accept felt a loss of status equally other groups have go more than empowered."[4] As Sarah Churchwell explains, the slogan at present resonates as America First did in the early on 1940s, with the idea "that the true version of America is the America that looks like me, the American fantasy I imagine existed before information technology was diluted with other races and other people."[46]

Writing opinion for the Los Angeles Times, Robin Abcarian wrote that "[westward]earing a 'Make America Keen Again' hat is not necessarily an overt expression of racism. But if you article of clothing one, it's a pretty good indication that y'all share, admire or appreciate President Trump's racist views about Mexicans, Muslims and border walls."[six] The Detroit Gratuitous Printing and the Los Angeles Times reported how several of their readers rejected this characterization and did not believe the slogan or MAGA hats are show of racism, seeing them more in patriotic or American nationalist terms.[47] [48] Nicholas Goldberg described the slogan every bit "fabulous", writing: "It was vague plenty to appeal to optimists generally, while leaving plenty of room for bitter and resentful voters to conclude that nosotros were finally going dorsum to the days when they ran the earth."[49] Polling has shown that about x percent of black voters identified as Trump supporters,[50] [ non-primary source needed ] while almost thirty percent of Hispanic voters identified as Trump supporters.[51] [ meliorate source needed ]

Australian political commentator and erstwhile Liberal party leader John Hewson writes in Jan 2018 that he believes the recent global movements against traditional politics and politicians are based on racism and prejudice. He comments: "There should exist trivial doubtfulness about The states President Donald Trump'due south views on race, despite his occasional 'denials', assertions of 'fake news', and/or his semantic distinctions. His ballot campaign theme was effectively a promise to 'Make America Great Again; America Commencement and Only' and—nod, nod, wink, wink—to Make America White Again."[52]

Utilise by others [edit]

In politics [edit]

Political commentator and author Peter Beinart published a 2006 volume titled The Practiced Fight: Why Liberals – and Only Liberals – Tin can Win the War on Terror and Make America Great Again [53] cartoon on the philosophy of theologian Reinhold Niebuhr after the Invasion of Iraq and early on years of the War on Terror. In 2011, Christine O'Donnell published a book about her Republican Senate campaign in the 2010 Delaware special election titled Troublemaker: Let'southward Do What It Takes To Make America Great Again.[54]

Later on Donald Trump popularized the employ of the phrase, the phrase and modifications of it were widely used in reference both to his election campaign and to his politics. Trump'southward primary opponents, Ted Cruz and Scott Walker, began using "Brand America Great Over again" in speeches, inciting Trump to transport cease-and-desist messages to them.[28] Cruz subsequently sold hats featuring, "Brand Trump Debate Once more", in response to Trump'south boycotting the Iowa January 28, 2016, contend.[55] The phrase has also been parodied in political statements, such as "Make America Mexico Once more", a critique of Trump's immigration policies regarding the U.Due south.–Mexico border.[56] [57]

Use by political rivals [edit]

New York Governor Andrew Cuomo said America "was never that peachy" during a September 2018 bill signing.[58] [59] Former US Chaser General Eric Holder questioned the slogan in a March 2019 interview on MSNBC, asking: "Exactly when did you recall America was great?"[60] [61] During John McCain'south memorial service on September i, 2018, his daughter Meghan stated: "The America of John McCain has no need to be made great again because America was always great."[62] Trump later on tweeted "Brand AMERICA Bully Once more!" afterward that day.[63]

Employ by hate groups [edit]

A 2018 study using text mining and semantic network analytics of Twitter text and hashtags networks institute that the "#MakeAmericaGreatAgain" and "#MAGA" hashtags were commonly used by white supremacist and white nationalist users, and had been used as "an organizing discursive space" for far-right extremists globally.[64]

Other countries [edit]

In June 2017, Emmanuel Macron, President of France, rebuked Trump over withdrawing from the Paris Agreement. The final sentence of the speech delivered by him was "make our planet dandy again."[65]

During his entrada for the 2019 Indonesian presidential election in October 2018, former opposition leader Prabowo Subianto used the phrase "brand Indonesia great again", though he denied having copied Trump.[66]

During the Swedish European Parliament election in May 2019, the Swedish Christian Autonomous Party used the slogan "Make EU Lagom Again".[67] [68]

February 2019 Fridays for Hereafter protest in Berlin with the line "Make Earth Greta Once again"

Members of the Fridays for Future Motility have often used slogans similar "Make Earth Greta Once more", referring to activist Greta Thunberg.[69] In 2019, Grant Armour and Milene Larsson co-directed a documentary picture show named Brand the Earth Greta Again.[70]

The Spanish far right party VOX used every bit slogan "Hacer a España grande otra vez", or "Make Spain Nifty Again".[71] [72]

In pop civilisation [edit]

Rap-rock supergroup Prophets of Rage displaying a "Make America Rage Again" stage properties reminiscent of the "Make America Great Again" catchphrase as information technology appears on a MAGA hat

The phrase and its variants are widely used and parodied in media.

Adult entertainment [edit]

  • Adult film star Stormy Daniels, who allegedly had an affair with President Trump, took function in a "Make America Horny Again" strip club bout. The tour followed Trump's initial 2016 campaign trail and part of the revenue was donated to Planned Parenthood.[73]

Advertising [edit]

  • A Douse-a-roos marketing campaign used the slogan "Make America Dunk Again".[74]

Artwork [edit]

  • Make Everything Keen Again was a street art landscape by artist Mindaugas Bonanu in Vilnius, Lithuania.[75] [76]

Comedy [edit]

  • Comedian David Cross'south 2016 stand up-up tour was titled "Making America Great Again".[77]

Conventions and events [edit]

  • In 2016, two Dragon Con cosplayers claiming an association with Adult Swim and Cartoon Network, and dressed equally the Earth Trade Center during the September 11 attacks, wore "Make FishCenter Bully Once again" hats.[78] [79] [80]

Fashion [edit]

  • Mode Designer Andre Soriano used the "Make America Great Once more" Official presidential entrada Flag to design a MAGA Gown for celebrities in Hollywood to wear on Blood-red Carpet e.g. 2017 Grammy Awards.[81]

Films [edit]

  • In Hot Fuzz (2007), Inspector Frank Butterman says "Make Sandford Great Again" to Sergeant Nicholas Angel.[82]
  • In Holmes & Watson (2018), Sherlock Holmes wears a "Make England Great Over again" fez hat in one scene.[83]
  • The Syfy movie Sharknado 5: Global Swarming (2017) was released with the tagline "Brand America Bait Again".[84]
  • The tagline for The Purge: Ballot Year (2016) is "Keep America Great" (a phrase Trump would subsequently utilize every bit his 2020 entrada slogan); 1 of the Television receiver spots for the moving picture featured Americans who explained why they back up the Purge, with one stating he does then "to keep my country [America] keen".[85] The next film in the franchise, The Outset Purge, was subsequently advertised with a poster featuring its title stylized on a MAGA hat.[86]
  • The character Paul in Da 5 Bloods is an gorging Trump supporter and sports a MAGA hat throughout the pic.[87]

Games [edit]

  • In Assassin'south Creed Odyssey (2018), Cleon says "Brand Athens Neat Again" during his campaign confronting Pericles.
  • In the video game Mortal Kombat 11 (2019), Shao Kahn urges Mortal Kombat11 newcomer Kollector to "brand Outworld cracking over again".
  • The video game Wolfenstein: The New Colossus (2017) used "Brand America Nazi-Free Again" in its marketing campaign.[88]
  • In Metal Gear Ascension: Revengeance (2013), Senator Steven Armstrong uses the phrase "Make America Great Over again" during his spoken communication while battling Raiden.[89]
  • In Hitman 2 (2018 video game), an elusive targed named Vincente Murillo is shown doing a circulate under the slogan Haz que Colombia bounding main grande otra vez .[90]

Music [edit]

  • Autumn Out Boy released a remix of their album American Beauty/American Psycho titled Make America Psycho Again.[91]
  • Rapper Kevin Gates released a song in 2018 called M.A.T.A, pregnant Brand America Trap Again.[92]
  • Make America Rock Once again was a rock concert tour.[93]
  • Rap rock supergroup Prophets of Rage, consisting of members of Rage Against the Car, Public Enemy and Cypress Colina, called their 2017 nationwide tour the "Make America Rage Again Tour", using a phase backdrop reminiscent of a MAGA chapeau.
  • United kingdom of great britain and northern ireland musician and author James Kennedy released a stone protest album in 2020 chosen 'Make ANGER Great Over again'[94]
  • Snoop Dogg released a song titled "Make America Crip Once again".[95]
  • Frank Turner released a vocal called "Brand America Bully Again" on his album Exist More Kind (2018).
  • Singer Joy Villa produced a single "Make America Great Once again" a few months afterward actualization at the 2017 Grammy Awards in a 'MAGA' wearing apparel.[96]
  • Rapper Lil Wayne wore a chapeau maxim Make America Skate again in Take chances the Rapper'southward video No Problem
  • Hip Hop Producer Zaytoven released an album titled Make America Trap Again (2019), with embrace art inspired by the Barack Obama "Promise" poster.[97]
  • Russian activists and artists Pussy Riot released a song titled Brand America Great Again.[98]
  • Metal band Thy Art Is Murder released a song called "Brand America Hate Again" on their anthology Homo Target (2019). They too sell a hat with the slogan "Make Deathcore Keen Again".

Sports [edit]

  • And then-Washington Nationals baseball game outfielder Bryce Harper wore a hat saying "Make Baseball Fun Again" during a postgame interview in 2016.

Books and Publications [edit]

  • Author Octavia East. Butler used "Make America Not bad Again" as the presidential campaign slogan for a character, Andrew Steele Jarret, in her 1998 dystopian novel, Parable of the Talents.[99] Jarret is described as "a demagogue, a rabble-rouser, and a hypocrite [who] pulled religion and regime together and cemented the link with money from rich businessmen".[100]
  • Writer Andre Louis wrote and published "Make America Date Again",[101] a satirical book on dating and relationships.

Tv [edit]

  • John Oliver spoofed the slogan on his show Last Week Tonight with John Oliver in a segment dedicated to Trump, urging viewers to "Make Donald Drumpf Again", in reference to the original ancestral name of the Trump family.[102] [103] The segment bankrupt HBO viewership records, garnering 85 1000000 views.[103]
  • In the S Park episode "Where My Land Gone?" (2015), supporters of Mr. Garrison, who runs a campaign that is a parody of Trump's, are seen holding signs bearing the slogan.[104]
  • In the Star Trek: Discovery episode "What'south Past Is Prologue" (2018), Gabriel Lorca vows to "make the Empire glorious again", a line that was compared to Trump by many reviewers.[105] [106] [107] [108]

Notes [edit]

  1. ^ Pronunciation used by Trump.[one]

References [edit]

  1. ^ The Telegraph (May thirty, 2020). Donald Trump: 'MAGA loves the black people' responding to race protests (YouTube video). Event occurs at 0:00.
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  6. ^ a b c Abcarian, Robin (Feb v, 2019). "MAGA hats and blackface are different forms of expression, but they share a certain unfortunate DNA". Los Angeles Times . Retrieved Oct 25, 2020.
  7. ^ Rebecca Solnit (2018). Call Them by Their True Names: American Crises (and Essays). Haymarket Books. Trump'south slogan, 'Brand America bully once again', seemed to invoke a return to a Never Never Country of white male supremacy, where coal was an crawly fuel, blue-colour manufacturing jobs were what they had been in 1956, women belong in the home, and the needs of white men were paramount.
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  61. ^ Norman, Greg (March 28, 2019). "Eric Holder goes on MAGA assault: 'Exactly when did yous call up America was great?'". Fox News . Retrieved April 30, 2019.
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External links [edit]

  • Reagan at the 1980 GOP convention

franceschrick.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Make_America_Great_Again

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